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Allergies from airborne particles are caused by certain tree, weed and grass pollen as well as fungal spores. Fungal spores are also found in high numbers at certain times of the year, many of these are not the source of human, animal or plant disease but many of them are. We have attempted to include a list of the major allergenic pollen and spores and an explanation of some of the diseases they can cause and sometimes where they are found or the source as in the case of fungi. Airborne dust and its particles, which include mold spores, animal dander, mites, and other allergens in indoor air are a major source of allergic reactions. Pollution, and cigarette smoke, also play a role in affecting the immune system and possibly attributing to predisposing a person to having allergies. Some of the pollen and spores are listed because of their abundance in numbers and their allergenic properties. In some cases, particularly with fungal spores,allergenic properties may not be known or may only exist because of the high numbers produced. Management of allergies to pollen and spores is not easy but can be minimized by staying indoors when pollen and spore counts are high. Exposure to spores is, however, much harder to minimize since they are found in abundance both in the indoor and outdoor environments. The same fungal spores that are found outdoors also exist indoors, however, there are also some differences. Air conditioning, staying indoors when aeroallergens are high, avoiding carpets, vacuuming and air filtration can all help in limiting the amount of allergen one is exposed to. Immunotherapy has also shown to benefit patients with inhalant allergies. More progress has been made in dealing with allergies to pollen than with the fungal spores. The fungi are much harder to identify as to which one is causing the allergic reaction since there are so many of them. Another problem has been in isolating the allergen that is causing the reaction and purifying it for testing patients.   | |||
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